Cannabis use linked with increase risk of heart attacks and heart failure

As cannabis becomes more widely used for medical and recreational purposes around the world, two recent studies have highlighted the potential health risks associated with regular cannabis consumption. These US studies were presented at the American Heart Association's Scientific Sessions 2023 and indicate that cannabis use may have adverse effects on heart and brain health, even after accounting for other cardiovascular risk factors.

Study 1: Daily Cannabis Use and Heart Failure

In the first study, researchers from the "All of Us" Research Program examined data from over 150,000 American adults. They investigated the relationship between daily cannabis use and the development of heart failure.

Key Findings:

- Daily cannabis users had a 34% increased risk of developing heart failure compared to those who reported never using cannabis.

- This increased risk was consistent across various demographic groups, including age and sex.

- When considering the presence of coronary artery disease, the risk of heart failure decreased from 34% to 27%, suggesting a potential pathway through which cannabis use may lead to heart failure.

The study underscores the need for further research into the health implications of cannabis use, especially concerning cardiovascular risks.

**Study 2: Cannabis Use in Elderly Patients with Cardiovascular Risk Factors**

In the second study, researchers analyzed data from the 2019 National Inpatient Sample, the largest national database of hospitalizations. They focused on patients over 65 years of age with cardiovascular risk factors who used cannabis.

Key Findings:

- Cannabis users with cardiovascular risk factors had a 20% higher chance of experiencing a major heart or brain event during their hospital stay compared to non-cannabis users.

- 13.9% of cannabis users with cardiovascular risk factors suffered major adverse heart and brain events during hospitalization, in contrast to non-users.

- Cannabis users also had a higher rate of heart attacks and were more likely to be transferred to other facilities.

- High blood pressure and high cholesterol were predictors of major adverse heart and brain events in cannabis users.

The study highlights the importance of monitoring and assessing the long-term effects of cannabis use, especially in older adults with cardiovascular risk factors.

The findings from these two studies, in conjunction with prior research, suggest that cannabis use may be associated with an increased risk of heart and brain health issues. This information underscores the importance of discussing cannabis use with healthcare professionals and considering potential risks.

While cannabis has been legalised for various purposes in many countries (medical use in New Zealand), understanding its potential cardiovascular implications is crucial. Health professionals and the public should be aware of the risks associated with cannabis use, including its effects on heart health and the possibility of triggering heart and brain events.

These studies call for further research and a careful evaluation of the relationship between cannabis use and cardiovascular health. As cannabis use continues to grow, it is essential to prioritize the health and well-being of those who consume it.